What about other greenhouse gases like methane or nitrous oxide?

2024-02-27 15:06

In addition to CO2, methane and nitrous oxide are two of the most important greenhouse gases, the annual emissions of which are greatly increased by human activities. Methane emissions are particularly dominant in the area of livestock farming. With regard to natural emission sources, methane is produced in wetland areas as the gas can only arise under anaerobic conditions, i.e. when there is no oxygen. Thawing permafrost, as a direct consequence of the rising global temperatures, thus represents a significant source of greenhouse gases in the form of methane emissions. The main source of emissions of nitrous oxide can also be found in the area of agriculture related to the use of nitrogen fertilisers. In ecological farming the use of such fertilisers is forbidden.


CO2, methane and nitrous oxide have a varying influence on the climate. Accordingly, CH4 and N2O contribute greatly to the greenhouse effect despite their comparatively low atmospheric concentration. To be able to compare the climate impact of greenhouse gases and define their warming potential, methane and nitrous oxide are expressed in something called CO2 equivalents (CO2e). For this purpose, the emissions are multiplied by the respective climate impact factor. The basis for this is CO2 with a global warming potential of 1.


The assessment of the risks of human-induced climate change and the collection of appropriate mitigation and adaptation strategies falls upon the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), an intergovernmental institution established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The most recent IPCC report of 2021 is also based on broad scientific analyses.

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